Iron Casting is an alloy of iron and carbon in which the carbon is in excess of the amount that can be retained in solid solution in austenite at the eutectic temperature, In addition, silicon, manganese,sulphur and phosphorus are contained in varying amounts.

Iron Casting are a family of ferrous metals with a wide range of properties produced by being cast into shape as opposed by being formed,other elements are used to control specific properties, cast irons have a wide range of mechanical properties which make them suitable for use in engineering components. The wide spread use of cast iron is as a result of its low cost and versatile properties.